Genedrive PLC - Final Results
Released
Released
Announcement PDF
RNS Number : 5878O
Genedrive PLC
03 October 2019
genedrive plc
("genedrive" or the "Company")
Audited Final Results
genedrive plc (AIM: GDR), the near patient molecular diagnostics company, announces its
audited Final Results for the year ended 30 June 2019.
Financial Highlights
· Revenue up 21.6% to £2.36m (2018: £1.94m)
· Successful fund-raise of £6.0m (gross), a combination of £3.5m equity and £2.5m
convertible loan
· Cash at 30 June 2019 of £5.2m (2018: £3.5m)
· Unaudited cash at 26 September 2019 £3.9m
Operational Highlights
·
Genedrive® Hepatitis C (HCV) assay registered in 12 countries
·
World Health Organization process under way to Pre-Qualify the Genedrive® Hepatitis
C test
£0.9m of orders fulfilled for the US Department of Defense (DoD) with further orders
on hand for delivery in 2019/20
Antibiotic Induced Hearing Loss (AIHL) test time reduced to under 30 minutes and
hospital training for trials commenced post year end
·
·
David Budd, Chief Executive Officer of Genedrive plc, said: "With two assays now on
market and two assays in development, we continue to make good progress on delivering our
strategy. On behalf of the Board, I would like to thank our shareholders for their continued
support during the year and we look forward to an exciting future."
For further details please contact:
genedrive plc
David Budd: CEO / Matthew Fowler: CFO
www.genedriveplc.com
+44 (0)161 989 0245
Peel Hunt LLP
James Steel / Oliver Jackson
+44 (0)20 7418 8900
Stanford Capital Partners Limited
Patrick Claridge / John Howes
+44 (0)20 3815 8880
Walbrook PR Ltd (Media Relations & Investor
Relations)
Paul McManus / Anna Dunphy
+44 (0)20 7933 8780 or
genedrive@walbrookpr.com
+44 (0)7980 541 893 / +44 (0)7876 741 001
Notes to Editors
About genedrive plc
genedrive plc is a molecular diagnostics company developing and commercialising a low
cost, rapid, versatile, simple to use and robust point of need molecular diagnostics platform
for the diagnosis of infectious diseases and for use in patient stratification (genotyping),
pathogen detection and other indications. The Genedrive® HCV-ID kit has received CE-IVD
Certification and has been launched in Africa and Asia Pacific. genedrive has distribution
agreements with subsidiaries of Sysmex Corporation for the distribution of the Genedrive®
platform in the EMEA and SE Asia (ex-India), and with ARKRAY Healthcare pvt Ltd for the
distribution of the Genedrive® HCV-ID Kit and Genedrive® platform in India. The Company
has assays on market for the detection of certain biological targets and has tests in
development for tuberculosis (mTB) and Antibiotic Induced Hearing Loss (AIHL).
Further details can be found at: www.genedriveplc.com and www.genedrive.com.
CHAIRMAN'S STATEMENT
We are executing our strategy to drive material revenues by June 2022
The Company remains focused and increasingly positioned to exploit opportunities in lowand middle-income countries with our Global Health assays (HCV and mTB) and in developed
markets with our military and hearing assays (DoD and AIHL). We remain committed to the
opportunities achievable by a focused molecular testing company. Core to the execution of
our plan was the fund-raising of £6.0m (gross) in December 2018, which supports our aims
and has strengthened our cash position.
Delivering Our Strategy
I am pleased that we are executing on our strategy to deliver material revenues from
multiple assays by the end of our financial year ending 2022. During the year we saw
revenue growth from our on-market assays (HCV and DoD) and good progress with our new
product development programmes.
Despite the positive progress overall, commercialisation of our HCV assay has lagged behind
our previous expectations principally owing to a slower than anticipated rate of country
registrations and the overall level of funding for HCV drugs and diagnostics. Funding remains
in its infancy in many countries, requiring increased focus on those countries where we
believe the opportunity looks likely to grow. We now expect the revenue ramp for the assay
to occur in the year to June 2020, behind our original plans.
Our commercial relationship with the DoD exceeded our expectations in the year and
underpinned much of our financial performance. We fulfilled large orders for both assays
and units during the year totalling £0.9m. Discussions with the customer have progressed
and we are confident of further orders. Owing to the nature of the work we still lack
absolute clarity on the potential, but the continued engagement and order flow provides us
with confidence on the future business and the performance of Genedrive® as an effective
molecular diagnostic technology.
Governance and People
The Board recognises that a strong governance framework, internal controls, values and
culture firmly embedded across the organisation are vitally important and, as such, the
Board remains focused on ensuring its own effectiveness and that of the governance
processes throughout the Group. We believe we have a Board that reflects our strategy and
ambition and will continue to review its effectiveness.
Outlook
Overall our on-market assays are beginning to build commercial traction. Multiple orders for
DoD products were fulfilled in the year and we already have new orders for 2019/20. HCV
commercialisation has been slower than anticipated, but we hope to overcome delays
encountered in the next 12 months and remain optimistic of WHO pre-qualification by the
end of the calendar year.
Looking further ahead, we have exciting opportunities with AIHL and mTB. The AIHL assay
could be transformative to the lives of many children as well as placing genedrive at the front
line of NHS urgent care for neonates. In addition to the UK market, the test has applicability
across Europe and North America and represents significant potential for the Company
should we be able to access these markets. The mTB assay would also give the Company
access to the large and well-funded tuberculosis testing market.
I remain confident of genedrive's ability to deliver growth from its on-market assays and
genuinely excited by the potential of our in-development assays.
Finally I would like to take this opportunity to thank our staff, customers and shareholders
for their valuable support during the year.
Dr Ian Gilham
Chairman
3 October 2019
CHIEF EXECUTIVE'S STATEMENT
Overview
The opportunities for genedrive plc are significant. We are working and developing products
for important global healthcare and environmental pathogen concerns, based in the dynamic
and scientifically rich city of Manchester. Over the past few years we have recruited and
cultivated a talented team of experienced, clever, and knowledgeable IVD professionals that
share my vision of building a business that contributes to global efforts in the eradication of
disease and providing more immediate patient care. Each week we make strides forward in
our development, positioning in the market, and commercial capability of the Company and
its products.
During the year we continued to execute on our strategy to bring material assay revenues to
genedrive by the financial year ending June 2022. The fund raising in December 2018 (£6.0m
gross) improved our cash position and strengthened our balance sheet. We now have two
products on market: HCV and our military portfolio for the US DoD; and two exciting
products in development: AIHL and mTB. Continued successful execution of this strategy will
leave the Company well placed to generate returns for our shareholders.
Our Performance with On Market Assays
HCV
The Genedrive® HCV ID Kit is the first low cost, qualitative HCV molecular decentralised
testing product on the market. Molecular testing for HCV represents a potentially large
market for Genedrive® that should be efficiently serviced via our partnerships, which include
Sysmex for EMEA and Asia, Arkray for India and others for rest of world regions.
The process to Pre-qualify (PQ) the HCV product with WHO is currently on-going. The process
of registrations and approvals is often not in our direct control, and we use our experience
and judgement to predict timelines. The WHO PQ site Quality Audit was completed in
January with no significant findings. However, the clinical study is taking much longer than
originally expected owing to a shortage of certain low viral level samples for analysis, and
then subsequently the need to repeat some small sets of data collection So while the process
continues past our originally expected timelines, we remain optimistic that we can achieve
WHO pre-qualification by the end of the calendar year.
Similarly, in country registrations are taking longer than anticipated. As the first entry of
Genedrive® into these markets, most countries require a performance study after the
registration process, the duration of which can be unpredictable. At June 2019 Genedrive was
registered in 12 countries, below our initial target. We are targeting additional registrations
during 2019/20 and significantly we expect the product will be approved for distribution in
India by January. India is the largest single market for our product and we are confident of
attracting demand during 2019/20.
Pathogen detection tests for US DoD
The initial development phase of the DoD agreement ended in the prior year and
transitioned into a standard commercial arrangement. We were very pleased to see the
strong uptick in the commercial volume received during 2019. We fulfilled multiple large
orders and booked £0.9m of revenue.
Quality issues with a component supplier meant another large DoD order was delayed into
the 2019/20 fiscal year. The supply issue was ultimately resolved and we will soon complete
establishment of dual sourcing for this key component. The DoD have placed orders for
2019/20, remained fully positive and engaged during this supply issue and supported the
move to a second supplier.
The DoD work has been a real success for genedrive, supporting the development of
Genedrive® capabilities, providing funding to the Group, delivering a complex product to the
customer specification, and providing ongoing revenue. Their continued engagement and
support makes us very optimistic about the future potential of the business and we remain
confident it will be a recurring part of our future revenues.
In-Development Assays
AIHL
The Group was part of an award from UK NHS National Health Research in June 2018 for the
development and implementation of a point of care test for the prevention of hearing loss in
newborn children. This opportunity is well suited to genedrive's design, needing multiple,
low cost units to deliver fast testing at a point of need.
The full value of the award was just over £1m with £0.6m allocated to genedrive. The
programme is approximately halfway through, now entering clinical validation. Since
commencing the grant work we have reduced the test time to under 30 minutes, which easily
exceeds the clinical turn-around time requirement. Hospital trials for the clinical validation
are scheduled to commence in November, and should take circa six months. These trials will
assess the application of the assay in an urgent care setting, and are focused around the
practical implications of testing neonates in a variety of intensive care environments. Product
launch is planned for Autumn 2020 and it is expected that commercial traction from early
adopters will follow swiftly on from clinical approvals, with further demand anticipated
following write-up and inclusion in pediatric care guidelines; if successful there is every
reason to be positive for widespread adoption across the NHS.
The market is attractive as being both large and at a higher margin compared to Global
Health related tests. Outside of the UK the test will be equally applicable in Europe and North
America, although we would likely need to partner for entrance into North America owing to
the costs of regulatory hurdles.
mTB (Tuberculosis)
The market for mTB testing is one of the largest molecular testing markets in the world and
in terms of market dynamics it is well defined. It is an important market for the Group and a
vital component of our strategy.
We were awarded a £1.1m development grant from Innovate UK in January 2018 to develop
an automated sample module for the Genedrive® system. The project commenced at the
start of the financial year and much of the product development performed to date has been
covered under the grant. During the year we have also reformulated the test and designed
the Innovate funded companion product to the Genedrive® that automates the extraction
and concentration of mTB from a patient sample. As price is a significant driver in the
developing world, we positioned costings at the core of design and have the potential to
deliver at a market leading cost point at volume.
We remain on track to bring a product to market in the financial year ending June 2021
further supporting our assay strategy.
Outlook
We have two assays on market and two assays in development. While the year has seen
slower commercial traction on HCV than we hoped, growth in DoD and the prospects for
2019/20 are positive and the Group is focused on generating material revenues across
multiple assays during the financial year ending 2022. Our pipeline provides us with
confidence that we will continue to make good progress.
David Budd
Chief Executive Officer
3 October 2019
FINANCIAL REVIEW
Overview
Revenue and other income for the year was £2.4m (2018: £1.9m). Research and
development costs were £4.9m (2018: £5.2m) while administration costs were £1.9m, down
slightly from the prior year (£2.0m). The operating loss for the year was £4.0m (2018: £7.4m)
and is stated after the effects of exceptional items.
Financing costs were £0.5m (2018: £0.4m), broadly in line with the prior year. The finance
cost of the convertible loans was £0.9m (2018: £0.5m), offsetting this finance cost were
£0.6m (2018: £nil) of gains; which arose on the December 2018 amendment of the
convertible loan and on share price movements in the year. In addition there was a £0.3m
loss (2018: £0.1m gain) on the US dollar denominated convertible loan owing to the dollar
exchange rate.
The tax credit for the year was £0.9m (2018: £0.8m) and the expected tax receivable on the
balance sheet is £1.0m (2018: £1.0m).
The loss for the financial year after tax was £3.6m (2018: £6.0m).
Exceptional items
Two items have been separated out on the income statement to give a clear picture of
underlying trading for the year.
As part of the fund-raise that closed in December 2018, the terms of deferred consideration
payable to the former owners of Visible Genomics were amended. The fair value of the
amended terms was £0.6m lower than the pre-amendment figure and this gain has been
treated as exceptional on the face of the income statement.
On 8 June 2018 the Group disposed of the business and assets of its Services Divisions. The
balance sheet at that time included deferred consideration of £0.5m. During June 2019 the
acquirer made a payment under the terms of the deferred consideration clauses for its first
six months of trading. The payment was under the forecasted amount and as such the
deferred consideration on the balance sheet has been written down to its expected value. A
charge of £0.2m has been recorded to reflect the lower than expected first six months
payment.
The exceptional income in the period was £0.4m compared to an exceptional cost of £2.1m
in the prior year which was an impairment to the carrying value of intangible assets.
Cash Resources
Net cash outflow from operations was £4.6m (2018: £3.8m). The Operating losses were
£4.4m (2018: £4.3m) with working capital consuming £0.2m (2018: £0.6m contribution).
The tax credit received was £1.0m (2018: £1.2m) and relates to cash received under the
Corporation Tax Research and Development tax relief scheme operated in the UK. The
current year tax debt is £1.0m (2018: £1.0m).
The net proceeds from financing activities were £5.6m (2018: £nil). The proceeds from equity
were £3.2m and £2.4m from the issue of the new convertible loan note. Cash paid to the
former owner of Visible Genomics of £0.3m has been included in net financing as the
payment was contingent on a successful fund-raise.
The increase in cash was £1.7m (2018: £1.6m decrease) meaning a closing cash position of
£5.2m (2018: £3.5m).
Balance Sheet
Balance sheet net liabilities at 30 June 2019 totaled £2.5m (30 June 2018: £2.4m). The
Company was in a net liability position throughout the year and so section 656 of the
Companies Act 2006 was not a requirement.
Non-current assets closed at £0.3m (2018: £0.5m). The decline is owing to the write-down in
the carrying value of deferred consideration receivable on the disposal of the Services
business. The portion of consideration for Services that will be received at least 12 months
from the balance sheet date has been fair valued, discounted and reported as non-current,
£0.2m (2018: £0.3m).
Current assets of £6.9m (2018: £5.4m) included cash of £5.2m (2018: £3.5m) following the
successful December 2018 fund-raise and tax receivable of £1.0m (2018: £1.0m) for the
current year Corporation Tax Research and Development tax claim. The remaining working
capital related items make up £0.8m (2018: £0.9m).
Current liabilities were £1.2m (2018: £2.7m) with the large reduction related to the
amendment to the Visible genomic contingent consideration agreement that saw elements of
the prior year liability move to equity £0.3m, an element paid £0.3m and the remainder
credited to the income statement as an exceptional gain £0.6m.
Capital and reserves were bolstered by the December 2018 fund-raise, with a £3.2m equity
injection in addition to the £0.3m of shares to be issued as part of the Visible genomics
amendment.
Matthew Fowler
Chief Financial Officer
Financial Statements
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2019
Year
ended
30 June
2019
£'000
Year
ended
30 June
2018
£'000
2,362
(4,877)
(1,934)
(4,449)
439
(4,010)
(508)
(4,518)
882
(3,636)
1,938
(5,180)
(2,022)
(5,264)
(2,111)
(7,375)
(413)
(7,788)
758
(7,030)
9
(3,636)
1,063
(5,967)
11
(14.0)
(37.6)
11
(14.0)
(31.9)
Note
30 June
2019
£'000
30 June
2018
£'000
12
13
164
153
317
165
340
505
14
15
13
123
556
106
971
5,184
6,940
171
551
172
980
3,529
5,403
(88)
-
Note
Continuing operations
Revenue
Research and development costs
Administrative costs
Trading loss
Exceptional items
Operating Loss
Net finance costs
Loss on ordinary activities before taxation
Taxation on ordinary activities
Loss for the financial year from continuing operations
Discontinued operations
Profit for the year from discontinued operations
Loss/total comprehensive expense for the financial year
Loss per share (pence) from continuing operations
- Basic and diluted
Loss per share (pence) from continuing and discontinued operations
- Basic and diluted
2
3
3
4
3
7
8
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 30 JUNE 2019
Assets
Non-current assets
Plant and equipment
Contingent consideration receivable
Current assets
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Contingent consideration receivable
Current tax asset
Cash and cash equivalents
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Deferred revenue
16
17
Trade and other payables
Deferred consideration payable in shares
18
19
Net current assets
Total assets less current liabilities
Convertible bond
Net liability
Capital and reserves
Share capital
Called-up equity share capital
Other reserves
Accumulated losses
Total deficit
(1,129)
(1,217)
5,723
6,040
(8,518)
(2,478)
(1,470)
(1,250)
(2,720)
2,683
3,188
(5,625)
(2,437)
510
282
28,112 24,745
(31,100) (27,464)
(2,478) (2,437)
The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue
on 3 October 2019. They were signed on its behalf by:
David Budd
Chief Executive Officer
Matthew Fowler
Chief Financial Officer
Company number: 06108621
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2019
Other Accumulated
Balance at 30 June 2017
Share issue
Transfer of shares to SIP members
Equity-settled share-based payments
Transactions settled directly in equity
Total comprehensive expense for the year
Balance at 30 June 2018
Share issue
Deferred consideration equity component
Equity-settled share-based payments
FX on translation of overseas assets
Transactions settled directly in equity
Total comprehensive expense for the year
Balance at 30 June 2019
Share
capital
£'000
281
1
1
282
228
228
510
reserves
£'000
24,657
33
55
88
24,745
3,015
315
49
(12)
3,367
28,112
losses Total equity
£'000
£'000
(21,497)
3,441
1
33
55
89
(5,967)
(5,967)
(27,464)
(2,437)
3,243
315
49
(12)
3,595
(3,636)
(3,636)
(31,100)
(2,478)
CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2019
Cash flows from operating activities
Operating loss for the year
Depreciation, amortisation and impairment
Exceptional items (all non-cash)
ATL Research credits
Share-based payment (credit)/expense
Operating loss before changes in working capital and provision
Decrease/(increase) in inventories
Decrease in trade and other receivables
Increase/(Decrease) in deferred revenue
(Decrease) in trade and other payables
Cash flow from discontinued operations
Net cash outflow from operations
Tax received
Net cash outflow from operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities
Finance income
7
Acquisition of plant and equipment and intangible assets, net of loss
on disposals
Proceeds from disposal of discontinued operations
13
Cash paid to settle deferred consideration
Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from share issue
25
Proceeds from bond issue
Net inflow from financing activities
Net increase/(decrease) in cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
Analysis of net funds
Cash at bank and in hand
Net funds
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2019
16
Year
ended
30 June
2019
£'000
Year
ended
30 June
2018
£'000
(4,010)
98
(439)
(89)
49
(4,391)
(12)
60
88
(346)
(4,601)
980
(3,621)
(7,375)
3,117
(59)
(12)
(4,329)
241
119
(115)
(547)
864
(3,767)
1,220
(2,547)
18
13
(97)
57
(300)
(322)
(24)
957
946
3,243
2,366
5,609
1,666
3,529
(11)
5,184
(1,601)
5,129
1
3,529
5,184
5,184
3,529
3,529
General Information
genedrive plc ('the Company') is a company incorporated and domiciled in the UK.
genedrive plc and its subsidiaries (together, 'the Group') is a molecular diagnostics business
developing and commercialising a low-cost, rapid, versatile, simple to use and robust pointof-need or point-of-care diagnostics platform for the diagnosis of infectious diseases and for
use in patient stratification (genotyping), pathogen detection and other indications.
genedrive plc is a public limited company, whose shares are listed on the London Stock
Exchange Alternative Investment Market.
1. Significant accounting policies
This note provides a list of the principal accounting policies adopted in the preparation of
these consolidated financial statements to the extent that they have not already been
disclosed in the other notes below. The accounting policies set out below have, unless
otherwise stated, been applied consistently to all periods represented in these consolidated
financial statements.
Basis of accounting
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International
Financial Reporting Standards ('IFRS') as adopted by the European Union and therefore
comply with Article 4 of the EU IAS Regulation, IFRS Interpretations Committee ('IFRSIC') and
with those parts of the Companies Act 2006 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS.
The financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis as modified by the
revaluation of financial assets and financial liabilities (including derivative instruments) at fair
value through profit or loss.
The consolidated financial statements consolidate those of the Company and its subsidiaries
(together referred to as 'the Group'). They are presented in pounds sterling and all values are
rounded to the nearest one thousand (£k) except where otherwise indicated.
Following the disposal of the Group's Services business, on 8 June 2018, the respective prior
year results for this business are disclosed as a discontinued operation.
The Group funds its day-to-day working capital requirements through its bank resources.
Going concern: The Directors have concluded that it is necessary to draw attention to the
revenue and cost forecasts in the business plans. In order for the Group and Company to
continue as a going concern, there is a requirement to achieve a certain level of sales. Given
the Company is in the early stages of commercializing its products, the forecast level of sales
in the next 12 months is subject to uncertainty. If an adequate sales level cannot be achieved
to support the Group and Company, the Directors have the options to reduce ongoing spend
or seek additional funding from shareholders. While the Board is confident that it will
achieve the required revenue and has a successful track record in both cutting costs and
raising funds, there remains uncertainty as to the level of sales that will be achieved, the
amount of cost reduction that may be required and the amount of funding that could be
raised from shareholders.
This combination of factors represents a material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt
on the Group and Company's ability to continue as a going concern. However, based on the
relative likelihood of achieving versus not achieving, the Board believe it is appropriate to
continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing these financial
statements. These financial statements do not include the adjustments that would result if
the Group and Company were unable to continue as a going concern.
The auditors' report on the 2019 financial statements contains an "emphasis of matter
regarding a material uncertainty relating to going concern" section, drawing attention to the
existence of a material uncertainty that may cast significant doubt about the Group's and
Parent Company's ability to continue as a going concern.
Basis of consolidation
Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. Control exists when the Group has the
power, directly or indirectly, to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as
to obtain benefits from its activities. In assessing control, potential voting rights that are
currently exercisable or convertible are taken into account. The financial statements of
subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that control
commences until the date that control ceases. Inter-company transactions, balances and
unrealised gains on transaction between Group companies are eliminated. Unrealised losses
are also eliminated. Where necessary, amounts reported by subsidiaries have been adjusted
to conform with the Group's accounting policies.
Revenue
Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable and net of
discounts and sales-related taxes.
Revenue recognition
a. Contract revenue
Contract revenue is recognised by reference to the stage of completion of the related
transaction at the end of the reporting period. The Group recognises revenue when the
amount of revenue can be reliably measured; when it is probable that future economic
benefits will flow to the entity; and when specific criteria have been met for each of the
Group's activities, as described below.
b. Collaboration & licensing revenue
Contractually agreed upfront payments and similar non-refundable payments in respect of
collaboration or licence agreements which are not directly related to ongoing research
activity are recorded as deferred income and recognised as revenue over the anticipated
duration of the agreement. Where the anticipated duration of the agreement is modified, the
period over which revenue is recognised is also modified.
Non-refundable milestone and other payments that are linked to the achievement of
significant and substantive technological or regulatory hurdles in the research and
development process are recognised as revenue upon the achievement of the specified
milestone.
Income which is related to ongoing research activity is recognised as the research activity is
undertaken, in accordance with the contract.
c. Other income - development grant funding
Income receivable in the form of Government grants to fund product development is
recognised as development grant funding over the periods in which the Group recognises, as
expenses, the related eligible costs which the grants are intended to compensate and when
there is reasonable assurance that the Group will comply with the conditions attaching to
them and that the income will be received. Government grants whose primary condition is
that the Group should purchase or otherwise acquire non-current assets are recognised as
deferred revenue in the Consolidated Balance Sheet and transferred to the Statement of
Comprehensive Income on a systematic and rational basis over the useful lives of the related
assets.
d. Product sales
Revenue from product sales is recognised on shipment to customers in line with contractual
agreements.
Segment reporting
A segment is a group of assets, liabilities and operations engaged in providing products or
services that are subject to risks and returns that are different from those of other parts of
the business. Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent with the internal
reporting provided to the chief operating decision maker. The chief operating decision
maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and assessing per
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